Varicose veins of lower extremity is the most important disease of venous system and one of the most common diseases of vascular diseases of extremities. Many patients with varicose veins often come to the doctor because of comorbidities, especially ulcers, and often miss the best time for treatment. To this disease, early prevention and early detection and early treatment are advocated in clinic.
Prevention - Start with removing the cause
Congenital venous defects, long-term standing work, heavy physical labor, pregnancy, chronic cough, long-term constipation, etc. can cause persistent increase in venous pressure, leading to the occurrence of varicose veins. Therefore, in life, we should pay attention to the position, do not stand or sit for a long time, in order to prevent lower limb edema caused by venous return disorders; When sleeping at night, the lower leg can be padded higher than the plane of the heart, which is appropriate to promote the venous blood flow back into the heart.
Check - Look out for atypical symptoms
First of all, patients should pay attention to some of the "atypical" symptoms of varicose veins in the early stage: heavy limbs, swelling pain, easy fatigue, but can be relieved after rest, and these symptoms have one of the biggest characteristics - "light at night heavy". Of course, attention is not enough, should actively take measures to prevent, such as paying attention to the position and so on.
If "atypical" symptoms occur, pay attention to changes in the legs. Generally speaking, at this time, the shallow vein of the calf will gradually bulge, expand, and sometimes curl into a group or sac, which is obvious after standing and disappears after elevating the leg. With the prolongation of the course of the disease, the skin of the lower leg and ankle will be pigmentation, pruritus and eczema. Some patients may be complicated with superficial thrombophlebitis, local strip like hard mass, red swelling heat pain. Varicose veins are prone to damage and bleeding, and ulcers are easy to form after infection, and ulcers often prolong and do not heal. Venous calculus is a hard mass formed by calcium salt deposition of dried venous thrombosis. It mostly appears in the late stage of venous thrombosis. The hard small particles can be felt by touching the body surface with the hand. The diameter of the vein does not change but the lumen is narrowed by the presence of foreign bodies, which can cause further obstruction of reflux. Currently, both noninvasive ultrasound Doppler and invasive lower extremity venography can be used for detailed examination of varicose veins.
Cure - completely solve the varices
Although some drugs can alleviate the symptoms of discomfort in clinic, they can not completely solve the problem of varicosity. For mild, asymptomatic, small range of superficial varicose veins, as well as pregnant women, elderly people who are not suitable for surgical treatment, elastic bandages or medical elastic socks compression treatment. In severe cases, specialists will evaluate whether surgery is necessary and select appropriate surgical methods, such as high ligation and exudation of the great saphenous vein, superficial varicose vein dissection of the lower leg, deep vein valve surgery, etc. With the progress of medical technology, minimally invasive surgical treatment that does not affect the appearance of lower limbs has also been widely carried out, such as intracavity laser, rotary incision technology.