Nose allergy is a kind of allergic rhinitis, related to congenital genetic factors, nose contact with external allergens caused by some uncomfortable symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, stuffy nose, itchy nose and other symptoms, nose allergy to the patient\'s body has brought a lot of discomfort. So what about nose allergies?
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1. Avoid exposure to allergens
(1) Reduce the number of dust mites in the house; Maintain the relative humidity of the living space below 60%, but too low (such as less than 30% to 40%) will cause discomfort; Sweeping the carpet; Wash bedding, curtains, mite allergens dissolve in water, washing textiles can remove most of the allergens; Use air purifiers with filters, vacuum cleaners, etc.
(2) Avoid allergens in the corresponding pollen sensitization season.
(3) Patients who are allergic to animal fur avoid allergens.
2. Medication
The following factors should be considered: efficacy, safety, cost/effectiveness ratio, etc. Intranasal and oral administration are commonly used, and efficacy may vary between patients. There is no long-term lasting effect after discontinuation of the drug, so maintenance therapy is needed for persistent allergic rhinitis. Prolonged treatment did not result in rapid resistance. Intranasal administration has many advantages, and the high concentration of the drug can act directly on the nose, avoiding or reducing systemic side effects. However, for patients with other allergic diseases, drugs need to act on different target organs, and intranasal administration is not the best choice, and systemic drug therapy is recommended. All drugs should be used with caution during pregnancy.
(1) Antihistamines Oral or nasal use of the second generation or new H1 antihistamines, can effectively relieve nasal itching, sneezing and runny nose symptoms. It is suitable for mild intermittent and mild persistent allergic rhinitis, combined with nasal glucocorticoids for the treatment of moderate-severe allergic nasal.
(2) Glucocorticoids Nasal glucocorticoids can effectively relieve symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose and sneezing. Severe patients who do not respond to other drugs or cannot tolerate nasal drugs can be treated with oral glucocorticoids for a short period of time.
(3) Anti-leukotriene drugs are effective for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
(4) Chromones have a certain effect on alleviating nasal symptoms, and eye drops are effective in alleviating eye symptoms.
(5) Intranasal decongestants have a relieving effect on nasal congestion symptoms caused by nasal congestion, and the course of treatment should be controlled within 7 days.
(6) Intranasal anticholinergic drugs can effectively inhibit runny nose.
(7) Chinese medicine Some Chinese medicines are effective in relieving symptoms. The treatment principles for children and the elderly are the same as for adults, but special care should be taken to avoid adverse drug reactions.
3. Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy induces clinical and immune tolerance, has a long-term effect, and can prevent the development of allergic diseases. Allergen specific immunotherapy is commonly used by subcutaneous injection and sublingual administration. The course of treatment is divided into dose accumulation stage and dose maintenance stage, and the total course of treatment is not less than 2 years. Standardized allergen vaccines should be used.
(1) Indications are mainly used in patients with allergic rhinitis who have failed to respond to conventional drug treatment.
(2) contraindications
① Asthma attack stage;
② The patient is using β-receptor blockers;
③ combined with other immune diseases;
④ Pregnant women;
Patients do not understand the risks and limitations of treatment.
Local and systemic adverse reactions to immunotherapy may occur.
4. Surgical treatment
The indications of nasal congestion were no improvement after drug or immunotherapy, and there were obvious signs, which affected the quality of life. The nasal cavity has obvious anatomical variation, accompanied by dysfunction; Complicated with chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyp, drug treatment is not effective. Surgical treatment is not a conventional treatment for allergic rhinitis.
From the above introduction, we can learn about the treatment of nose allergies, and patients can choose according to their own circumstances. Must not take drugs casually, if the drug does not work, it will delay the treatment of the disease, which is not worth the loss. Star Silver Medicine hopes that the above suggestions will be helpful to you.